閱讀:用上下文推斷,而非只靠字面
同一個字可在不同語境中表達不同意思;閱讀時應將前後資料一起考慮。
| 學習重點 | 原創例子/做法 | 分析及使用注意 |
|---|---|---|
| 詞義推斷 | After three failed attempts, the team finally found a workable plan. | workable 指方案實際可行;由多次失敗到找到方案的對比推斷,不等同最完美。 |
| 比較兩種安排 | The online session is cheaper, whereas the workshop offers direct feedback. | 分別記下費用與回饋兩個比較準則,避免把兩者說成全面優劣。 |
| 區分事實與看法 | The centre closes at six. In my view, it should stay open later. | 第一句可核實,第二句是建議。should 並非表示已經延長開放。 |
| 概括共同意思 | Some students cannot attend on weekdays; others live too far away. | 可概括為 attendance is affected by practical difficulties;不宜自行改成 students are uninterested。 |
複句:保留邏輯,並清楚指出對象
合併句子時須保留因果、讓步及限定關係,不能只加入連接詞。
| 學習重點 | 原創例子/做法 | 分析及使用注意 |
|---|---|---|
| 限定關係子句 | Students who have submitted the form will receive a confirmation email. | who 子句限定哪一批學生;刪去後會變成所有學生都收到確認。 |
| 讓步與原因 | Although the room is small, it is suitable for the discussion. | 空間小是被承認的限制;主句說明限制沒有推翻適用性,不能換成 because 而保留原意。 |
| 完成式與過去式 | I have read the report, but I did not attend yesterday’s meeting. | 前半交代截至現在的閱讀經驗,後半交代已結束的特定過去事件。 |
| 間接問句 | Please explain why the timetable has changed. | why 後保持主語在動詞之前,不寫 why has the timetable changed。 |
資訊改寫:保留範圍、程度及因果
改寫不是把每個字換成近義詞;先確定原句究竟說了甚麼,再換一種清楚的表達。
| 學習重點 | 原創例子/做法 | 分析及使用注意 |
|---|---|---|
| 保留數量範圍 | Many students preferred the morning session. → A large number of students chose the earlier session. | Many 不可改為 all;morning 亦不能改成任何 earlier time,須由語境確認 earlier 指上午場。 |
| 動詞與名詞轉換 | The number of visitors increased. → There was an increase in visitor numbers. | 名詞 increase 前須有適當冠詞;兩句同樣描述增長,沒有加入原因。 |
| 原因轉換 | The outdoor event was cancelled because of heavy rain. → Heavy rain led to the cancellation of the outdoor event. | led to 後接名詞或動名詞;因果方向保持不變。 |
| 避免改大語氣 | The change may help younger pupils. → Younger pupils could benefit from the change. | may/could 保留可能性,不能直接改成 will definitely benefit。 |
寫作與討論:比較選項,按準則交代理由
一個比較段落應交代準則,然後比較兩個選項在該準則下的表現。
| 學習重點 | 原創例子/做法 | 分析及使用注意 |
|---|---|---|
| 比較準則 | In terms of accessibility, the school hall is more suitable than the sports ground. | 先交代交通或使用便利等準則,讀者才知道 suitable 的依據。 |
| 支持細節 | It is next to the lift, so students with heavy equipment can reach it easily. | 細節須能支持所選準則,而不只是重複 suitable。 |
| 承認限制 | However, it may feel crowded if more than eighty students attend. | 可補充容量限制,但不要因此自動推翻前面所有優點。 |
| 延伸別人的意思 | Your point about cost is useful. We should also consider how long the equipment will last. | 先接續對方,再加入新的比較角度,避免逐人各讀一段稿。 |
編製說明及延伸閱讀
本頁的知識說明及應用例子由耀星教育中心整理。資料供日常溫習參考,實際學習及考試範圍,請以學校的教學安排為準。
