五種常見基本句型
S 代表主語，V 代表動詞，O 代表賓語，C 代表補語。以下為常見句型；部分動詞另有必需的地點等成分，不能只靠這五種形式概括所有句子。
| 項目 | 用法及例子 | 說明 |
|---|---|---|
| S + V | The baby smiled. | smiled 在此用法不需要賓語；沒有賓語不代表句子不完整。 |
| S + V + O | Mandy opened the window. | the window 是 opened 的賓語，表示動作所涉及的對象。 |
| S + V + C | The soup smells delicious. | delicious 描述主語 the soup；連繫動詞後的補語並非動作承受者。 |
| S + V + O + O | Grandpa gave me a watch. | me 是間接賓語，a watch 是直接賓語；亦可寫成 gave a watch to me。 |
| S + V + O + C | The news made us happy. | happy 描述賓語 us 的狀態；不是第二個賓語。 |
單句、並列句與複合句
子句一般含有主語和動詞結構；片語則不具備同樣的子句結構。句子長短不能決定它屬於哪一類。
| 項目 | 用法及例子 | 說明 |
|---|---|---|
| 單句 Simple sentence | After the long rehearsal, the students rested. | 只有一個主要子句。After the long rehearsal 是介詞片語，不是從屬子句。 |
| 並列句 Compound sentence | The students were tired, but they continued rehearsing. | 兩個主要子句由 but 連接；各子句可獨立成句。 |
| 複合句 Complex sentence | Although the students were tired, they continued rehearsing. | although 引導從屬子句，配合主要子句構成整句。 |
| 複合並列結構 | Although it was late, Amy stayed, and Ben helped her. | 同時包含從屬關係及兩個並列的主要子句。 |
容易出錯的句子結構
修句時先檢查主要子句是否完整，再處理標點及連接詞。加更多形容詞，不能補救缺少主要動詞的問題。
| 項目 | 用法及例子 | 說明 |
|---|---|---|
| 只有從屬子句 | Because the train was delayed, we took a bus. | Because the train was delayed 單獨作一般陳述句時，未交代主要內容。 |
| 逗號連接兩個獨立句 | The train was delayed, so we took a bus. | 亦可分成兩句；不能只寫 The train was delayed, we took a bus. |
| 重複主語 | The student who won the race is my cousin. | 不寫 who he won；who 已在關係子句內作主語。 |
| 平行結構 | She enjoys reading, drawing and swimming. | 並列項目須按句式配合，避免把名詞、動名詞和不定式任意混接。 |
編製說明及延伸閱讀
本頁的知識說明及應用例子由耀星教育中心整理。資料供日常溫習參考，實際學習及考試範圍，請以學校的教學安排為準。