常用時態的被動語態
以下 p.p. 表示過去分詞。選擇 be 的單複數時須配合被動句的主語；不可因為句子是被動語態而忽略時態。
| 時態或結構 | 被動形式 | 原創例句 |
|---|---|---|
| 一般現在式 | am / is / are + p.p. | The classrooms are cleaned every day. |
| 一般過去式 | was / were + p.p. | The window was repaired yesterday. |
| 現在進行式 | am / is / are being + p.p. | The hall is being painted. |
| 過去進行式 | was / were being + p.p. | The road was being repaired at noon. |
| 現在完成式 | has / have been + p.p. | The results have been announced. |
| 過去完成式 | had been + p.p. | The door had been locked before we arrived. |
| will 及情態動詞 | will / can / must 等 + be + p.p. | The form must be signed by a parent. |
主動句轉為被動句
先確認動詞在句中有賓語，再把原來賓語放到主語位置。原來主語若要保留，通常放在 by 後，代詞須改為賓格。
| 步驟 | 句子或形式 | 說明 |
|---|---|---|
| 原來主動句 | The teacher checked the reports. | the reports 是 checked 的賓語。 |
| 賓語變主語 | The reports… | 主語變為複數，須使用 were。 |
| 保留時態 | The reports were checked. | 原句為一般過去式，轉換後仍用過去時間。 |
| 需要時保留動作者 | The reports were checked by the teacher. | 重點在處理結果時，可省略 by the teacher。 |
| 代詞變化 | She helped him. → He was helped by her. | 主語位置用 he，介詞 by 後用 her。 |
不能直接轉換及容易混淆的用法
不是每句英文都能直接轉為被動句。選擇主動或被動語態，須配合動詞本身的用法及文章重點。
| 情況 | 正確用法 | 說明 |
|---|---|---|
| 不及物動詞 | The accident happened yesterday. | happen 在這個用法沒有賓語，不寫 was happened；arrive 亦不能直接改成被動。 |
| 少了 be | The book was written in English. | 單寫 The book written… 通常未能構成完整的主要子句。 |
| 過去式與過去分詞 | The picture was drawn by Sam. | draw 的過去式為 drew，過去分詞為 drawn；被動用 drawn。 |
| 雙賓語動詞 | She was given a prize. / A prize was given to her. | give 可有這兩種被動結構；並非所有雙賓語動詞都可完全照用。 |
編製說明及延伸閱讀
本頁的知識說明及應用例子由耀星教育中心整理。資料供日常溫習參考，實際學習及考試範圍，請以學校的教學安排為準。